Understand Child and Young Persons Development 0-19 Essay...

MARCIA MCKENZIE Unit – 506 Level 5 CYP | Units Criteria | ‘’We are moulded by and re-moulded by those who have loved us; and though the love may pass, we are nevertheless their work for good or ill’’ ( Francois Mairlac) 1. Explain the sequence of development that would normally be expected in children and young people from birth to -19 years.Children have certain basic, physical and psychological needs and if these needs are not met then growth psychological developmental will be distorted in many ways. Everyone needs shelter, food, water, warmth and not to mention grooming and hygiene, activities which are laid down in Maslow’s hierarchy of basic need. If they are neglected or unfulfilled then this will have†¦show more content†¦2.3 Explain how theorise of development and frame works to support Development. Family and Social Relationships:How stable and affectionate is the young person’s re lationship with parents, staff, peers, as manager I would analyse if the interaction is of age appropriate with peers and other significant persons in the child’s lifeTheir understanding of the way in which appearance, behaviour and any impairment are perceived by the outside world will be addressed. Their appropriateness regarding dress for their age and gender. Their personal hygiene and cleanliness routine will also addressed. And finally, an overview of their placement with us, their behaviour, and concerns any future recommendations. Educational needs will be assessed and how they respond to this, and their capabilities.Fairbridge is a government run initiative where it promotes young people to make life changes regarding their own lives. It offers life skills, along with activities to enhance their communications and listening skills. Fairbridge will also do exercises, which incorporate trust along with integration with other young people with the same background.The ch ild’s growing sense of self as a separate and valued individual person. Their own views of self-image and self-esteem. If their self-worth is how a lot of work will be undertaken by the team to ensure it is boosted. Race, religion, age, gender, sexuality and disability may contribute to this feeling ofShow MoreRelatedUnit 506 Understand Child And Young Person Development1727 Words   |  7 PagesUnit 506 Understand Child and Young Person Development When looking at and discussing a child’s development, you have to remember that all children are different and grow at different rates. Every child will follow the same sequence but they may not necessarily do it at the same time as each other. For example, you could have two, 6 month old babies, 1 could already be able to crawl, and the other 1 may not have mastered it yet and may not until they are a bit older. You must remember that your childRead MoreDescribe the Expected Pattern of Children and Young Peoples Development from Birth to 19714 Words   |  3 PagesTDA 2.1 Child and Young Person Development 1.1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years, to include: physical, social, emotional, behavioural, intellectual and communicational development. Through a young person’s development, from birth to 19 they are expected to follow a development pattern including physical, social, environmental, behavioural, intellectual and communicational. The expected pattern is seen as the average time period it wouldRead MoreAssignment 23 Task a - Diploma Childrens and Young Peoples Workforce1153 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 023: Understand Child and Young Person Development Task A1: Tables showing sequence and rate of development for children and young people from birth to 19 years Table 1: Physical Development Age Range | Explain the sequence and rate of development | 0-3 months | At birth babies are born with reflexes – such as: * swallowing and sucking * rooting * grasping * startle reflexIn the first few months babies change considerably * gradually sleeping less * looking less curledRead MoreExplain the Sequence and Rate of Each Aspect of Development from Birth - 19 Years1105 Words   |  5 Pages2012 Page No.1 Unit 1 Child and Young Person Development Learning Outcome: Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth - 19 years. Task 1: Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth - 19 years. The aspects of development are defined as Physical, Social Emotional, Language and Intellectual. There are different stages of development for each category, 0-3 years, 3-7 years, 7-12 years and 12-19 years. All childrenRead MoreShowing Developmental Milestones 0-19 Years1112 Words   |  5 PagesTable for section 1 - showing developmental milestones 0-19 years Age range in years Physical Communication and Language Social, Emotional and Behavioural 0 to 3 (Burnham Baker 2010 pg. 1- 4) . Crawling and rolling gross motor skills . Using cups and feeding themselves fine motor skills . Tries to communicate with other babies Language development . Enjoys songs and games . Forms strong bonds – mainly with primary care giver . Own identity formed 3 to 7 (C. Meggitt, 2012 pg.94 - 97)Read MoreUnderstand Child Development and Young Person Development - 1.12161 Words   |  9 PagesChildren and Young People’s Workforce (QCF) Unit Ref: L/601/1693 CYP Core 3.1: Understand Child Development and Young Person Development Rosanna King Learning Outcome 1: Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth – 19 years. Assessment Criteria 1.1: Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth – 19 years. Answer to 1.1: Below I have explained the sequence and rate of each development from birth – 19 years old inRead MoreUnderstand Child and Young Person Development1799 Words   |  8 PagesUnderstand Child and Young Person Development Sequence and Rate of Each Aspect of Development and the Importance of Them When looking at and discussing a child’s development, you have to remember that all children are different and grow at different rates. Every child will follow the same sequence but they may not necessarily do it at the same time as each other. For example, you could have two, 6 month old babies, 1 could already be able to crawl, and the other 1 may not have mastered it yetRead MoreAspects of Development from Birth to 19 Years Essay example2120 Words   |  9 Pages1.1 Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth ~ 19 years. Aspects of a child and young person’s development include: vPhysical development: Gross motor skills (using large muscles such as arms and legs), fine motor skills (precise use of muscles such as hands and fingers). vSocial and Emotional: This is the development of a child’s identity and self image, the development of relationships and learning the skills of living in society. vIntellectual/communication:Read MoreAssignment 005 Child and young person development1872 Words   |  8 PagesAssignment 005 Child and young person development Task A Table 1 Physical Development Age Range Description of the stage Impact on other development 0-3 months Head and eyes move together Kicks legs and waves arms As the babies begin to recognise people around them this has an impact on their emotional development as they can become distressed when people are not around. 3-6 months Sits with support Rolls over Uses arms for support when lying At this stage any activities will have an impactRead MoreEssay on Level 3 Childrens and Young Peoples Workforce Assignment 0234376 Words   |  18 Pages Introduction This assignment is intended to provide evidence of a candidate’s knowledge and understanding of children and young people’s development birth to 19 years. By completing all tasks within the assignment, the candidate will provide evidence that meets the Learning Outcomes and assessment criteria for Unit 022, Understand Child and Young Person Development. Tasks There are five tasks to this assignment. A Complete tables; Questions B Complete table; Report C Report D Report

Science Tsunami and New York Free Essays

Dependent Variable: Velocity of wave (wave velocity) Constants: Plastic storage container Piece of wood Height from which the wood is dropped and the way it is held before each time it is dropped Gravel-like substance that creates an uneven bottom—this includes both its physical material and the amount of it that is placed on the bottom of the tank during each treatment Time at which the stopwatch is started after the wooden block is dropped and a wave is created Problem: It is a known fact about tsunamis that if the level of the water is higher, then the velocity of the wave will be greater. How does an uneven bottom affect the velocity of tsunami waves at different water levels? Hypothesis: I believe that an uneven bottom will still result in the velocity of the wave being greater when the water level is higher. 5 MLA References with Annotations: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Science: Tsunami and New York or any similar topic only for you Order Now Michelle, Maranowski, PhD. â€Å"The Science Behind Tsunamis: Study the Effect of Water Depth on Wave Velocity. † Science Buddies. Science Buddies, 2005-2012. Web. 13 Sept 2012. http://www. sciencebuddies. org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/OceanSci_p014. html#background †¢This electronic source inspired my project idea, and provided me with the materials and procedure that I would need to execute my project. In addition, it helped me understand exactly what the original project would be testing, and also how I could make it my own. 2. â€Å"What are Tsunamis? † CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation/Radio Canada, 29 Sept 2009. Web. 13 Sept 2012. http://www. cbc. ca/news/world/story/2009/09/29/f-tsunami-forces-of-nature. html †¢This electronic source provided me with basic tsunami information. I believe that it is important to have as much information as possible about my topic, so that I am able to get the most out of my project and understand it to the fullest. 3. â€Å"Tsunamis. † National Geographic. National Geographic Society, 1996-2012. Web. 13 Sept 2012. http://environment. nationalgeographic. com/environment/natural-disasters/tsuna mi-profile/ †¢This electronic source was helpful to me by providing me with even more background information on tsunamis and their effects. In addition, a video on National Geographic allowed me to view a real tsunami in action. 4. Luhr, James F. Earth. Smithsonian. Smithsonian Institution. New York, New York: DK Publishing, 2003. Print. (P. 123, 143, 151, 190, 192, 271, 429, 501) †¢This printed source helped me understand the different things that can cause a tsunami. This includes a variety of submarinal conditions, and-although this is rare- those reasons related to meteors. 5. Cramer, Deborah. Ocean. Smithsonian. Smithsonian Institution. New York, New York: Collins Publishing, 2008. Print. (P. 62) †¢This printed source was very helpful, because it showed me a tsunami’s effect on the whole ocean. This is an important thing to note, because it helps put into perspective how a tsunami is not only devastating once it hits shore, but also before it hits shore and is still a violent wave uncontrollably speeding across the ocean toward the shore, destroying almost everything in its path. Materials: 1. Plastic storage box (at least 40 cm long x 5 cm deep) 2. Source of water 3. Small gravel or pebbles (to be spread over bottom of storage box as representation of an uneven bottom in the ocean) 4. Piece of wood (2 in thick x 4 in wide x 8 in long) 5. Sharpie permanent marker 6. Metric ruler 7. Digital stopwatch . Bright ceiling light (above location of experiment) 9. Hand towel 10. Volunteer to run stopwatch 11. Lab notebook 12. Graph Paper Procedure: 1. Find a well-lit location at which to execute experiment (favorably indoors and free of commotion) 2. Remove any items away from location that could be damaged by potential splashing water from storage box 3. Place storage box on white sheet and under bright ceiling light with no surrounding lights in order to see waves as clearly as possible 4. Cover bottom of storage box with layer(s) of gravel/pebbles as needed until bottom of box cannot be seen 5. Fill storage box with a few centimeters (cm) of water 6. Draw small line with sharpie on a shorter end of the box’s exterior, approximately 2. 5 cm below rim of box (this marks the spot from where piece of wood will be dropped) 7. Begin practicing making and tracking waves 8. Line up bottom of wood at marked line and drop, immediately thereafter watching for resulting wave traveling from one end of tank to the other 9. Begin executing real experiment once comfortable creating and tracking waves 10. Empty/fill water tank after practice runs until 1 cm of water is left in tank. Use metric ruler for accuracy. This water depth will be used as the measurement for the first treatment 11. Create appropriate data table in lab notebook 12. Notify volunteer with stopwatch when they should start and stop timing the wave’s path (those times should be as soon as wooden block is dropped and wave is formed, and as soon as wave returns and hits other end of box) 13. Record the time in data table from lab notebook 14. Repeat step 11 nine more times (nine more tests), always waiting for water to settle before dropping wood again from consistent position each test 15. Fill box with water depth 2 cm (confirm with ruler) 16. Repeat steps 11-13 17. Fill box with water depth of 3 cm (confirm with ruler) 18. Repeat steps 11-13 19. Empty box and repeat steps 9-16 four times so that end result is 5 trials (10 tests per trial) for each of the 3 depths 20. Analyze data for each water depth for each trial across the 10 tests and record data in notebook 21. Average time data across the three trials from the numbers calculated in step 19 22. Measure and record distance between where wave was created (leading edge of mark from where wood was dropped) and other end of box 23. Divide distance by average time it took for wave to move from one end of tank to the other for each water depth. The answer recorded in notebook will be wave velocity 24. Plot data (x-axis=water depth, y-axis=wave velocity) 25. Answer the following questions: †¢What is the relationship between the water depth and the wave velocity? †¢Is it a linear relationship? †¢Does the wave velocity increase or decrease with increasing water depth even with an uneven bottom? †¢Does this result make sense to you according to the research that you have done on tsunamis that seems to state that, in general, if the level of the water is higher then the velocity of the wave will be greater? If it does not match, then the conclusion should be that an uneven bottom does affect the velocity of tsunami waves. 26. Equation 1, below, shows the mathematical relationship between the wave velocity in shallow water as a function of water depth. Equation 1 states that velocity is the square root of the product of the acceleration of gravity and the water depth: V = vgd V = Velocity in meters/second (m/s ) g = Acceleration of gravity (9. 8 meters/second2) d = Water depth in meters (m) 27. Using equation 1, plot wave velocity as a function of water depth. How does the plot compare to results from the storage box/model-tsunami? How to cite Science: Tsunami and New York, Essay examples

Strategic Management Airline Of Singapore -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategic Management Airline Of Singapore? Answer: Introduction This report focuses on the management analysis of a Singapore listed company. For the discussion, Singapore Airlines is selected in this report. Singapore Airlines is the most famous and quality carrier in Singapore. Along with this, it is the subsidiary of Singapore government. The airline has its operations in all over the world and provides carrier services in more than 45 countries along with 94 destinations across the world. Singapore airlines are publicly listed in Singapore stock exchange and now it is considered as one of the largest airline in term of market capitalization. Airline has 102 aircrafts that are operating in various countries (Singapore Airline, 2018). Presently, the airline has its strong presence in South west pacific, East Asia, West Asia, Africa and America. Percentage of geographic segment of Singapore Airline in various countries is represented in the graph. Nature of the business Singapore Airlines has positioned itself as the affordable carrier in the country. The airline has connected itself from more than 20 airports which are located in 18 countries. These countries are Australia, Europe, various parts of Middle East and various destinations of Southeast and North Asia. In terms of services, Singapore Airline provides wide range of meals to the economy class passengers, various drinks along with the headphone sets that are important for the business class passengers. The management of Singapore Airline focuses on the differentiation strategy in order to enhance the services for the passengers. Along with this, Singapore Airline has introduced new schools in order to educate and train the staff in various areas like flight functions, cabin crew, business-related operations, information technology, airport services, safety measures and development of service culture (Singapore Airline, 2018). PESTEL analysis According to Chernev (2012), PESTEL analysis is the framework by which the organizations can analyze and evaluate the macro factors of environment in which the organization is operating. This analysis is helpful in the identification of all the threats as well as weaknesses of the business operations that can be turned into opportunities. PESTEL analysis of Singapore Airlines is as follows: The political factors affect the business operations of Singapore Airline in various countries. There are various government regulations and policies that affect the economy of that particular country. Singapore Airline is operating in various countries and it is crucial that the political systems of various countries should support the airline. But it is well known that national airlines get maximum support from the government. In such situation, it is critical for the airline to make its significant presence in different nations. Along with this, in the home country, it is very crucial for the airline to get full support from the government otherwise it will not be able to achieve the business goals and objectives (Terpstra, Foley Sarathy, 2011). As it is well known that Singapore Airline is operating in various countries as the airline is affected by variations in the national and global economy. Further, another economic factor which impact on the airline operations is the increase of fuel prices. For instance, there is the political instability in the Middle East and that has resulted the changes in the fuel prices. That has direct impact on the fuel cost of airline. Social norms and customs also have significant impact on the airline company. The social factors like changed preferences of the customers have impact on the business operations of Singapore Airlines. So, airline has to focus on the changing trends and requirements of the consumers so that more customer centric services can be provided to them. Along with this, the disposable income of the customers also impact on their purchasing power. The technological factors includes the achievement of fuel efficiency in order operate the business effectively. The engineering and technical department of Singapore Airline focuses on the maintenance and repairs the carriers for the effective business operations. Singapore Airline is also famous as the first flight that has established productivity suite so that passengers can be served who need to work without charging their laptops. The company also uses a micro system in order to charge productivity suite in the airplanes (Delbari, Ng, Aziz Ho, 2016). Based on the analysis of the environmental factors, it is observed that Singapore Airline is social responsible and takes important steps for reducing the carbon footprints from the environment. Along with this, various environmental factors like weather as well as season impact the operations of the flights. So, Singapore Airline makes use of greener aircrafts to carry out the sustainable operations (Dahlstrom, 2011). The legal and regulatory changes impact on the business of Singapore Airlines in different countries. In China, the regulations of aviation enhance the operations of private airlines in the aviation industry. Along with this, there are different investment limitations imposed by the governments of various countries. Airline has to follow various rules i.e. Consumer law, Fair Trading law, natural environmental law etc (Lovelock, 2011). Porters five forces analysis This is an important framework that critically evaluates the degree or level of competition in a specific industry. This framework is helpful in the strategy development of the business. So, Porters five forces model is effective in identifying the impact of various factors on the business operations. The five forces analysis of Singapore Airline is discussed below. Competitive rivalry- Singapore Airline in the aviation industry has to face intense rivalry as there is the availability of full service airlines in the market. Along with this, there are the price variations that enhance the competition among the airline companies. So, it is understood by the analysis that there is moderate intensity of the rivalry in the market of Singapore Airline. There is high intense rivalry within the airline industry and it depends upon a route-by-route. In order to capture the market in various countries airlines are using price-cutting strategies along with high quality services. With the growth in the airline industry, the rivalry in the Singapore Airline is strong. The reason of the intense rivalry is the presence of budget airlines companies that are able to compete with the Singapore Airlines in terms of prices. Along with this, low switching cost of the customers is also a reason for the customers to switch to the competitors of Singapore Airline. So, the industry rivalry for the Singapore Airline is very strong (Winer Dhar, 2011). New entrants- The threat of potential new entrants in the aviation industry is comparatively weak. The reason is that there is the requirement of vast amount of money. Further, the airline market is highly saturated. It is difficult for other airlines to enter in the market due to various economic factors. There is also a challenge for Singapore Airlines in obtaining airport slots as there is only one airport. Along with this, high charge of operations and various political factors create barriers for the entry of new airline companies (Fifield, 2012). Airline industry is perceived as highly capital involved and that creates entry barriers for the new companies. After the money factor, getting license and approval from different government department is also a challenge for new airline companies. So, the threat of new entry is low in the aviation industry. Threats of substitute- The threats of substitute are a crucial factor in the five forces analysis. In case of Singapore Airline, the threat of substitute is modest as there are various low cost airline companies working in the aviation industry. Along with this, there are high speed railway services that create threats for Singapore Airline. Apart from this, there are advanced communication technologies that also create the threats of substitutions for the flight services of Singapore Airline. Bargaining power of suppliers- In case of airline industry, the bargaining power of the suppliers is very high which is unusual as compared to other industries. The bargaining power of the suppliers in the Singapore Airline is very strong. The uncontrolled cost of fuel enhances the power of the suppliers. For Singapore Airlines, Boeing and Airbus are the key suppliers and these two aircraft manufacturing companies are dominating the aircraft market. Both the companies are similar and both are seeking to gain large number of orders from the airline companies in order to maintain their market shares (Shaw, 2011). Bargaining power of buyers- The bargaining power of the buyers in Singapore Airline is moderate due to the cost of switching. The management of Singapore Airline has implemented various loyalty and reward programs in order to enhance the customer loyalty and retain the existing customers. Apart from this, due to the availability of the internet, customers are able to compare the prices of the various airlines. They are also able to choose the airlines based on their requirements (Martnez, 2012). Management recommendations The analysis of business operations of Singapore Airlines is helpful in collecting relevant information to frame different strategic options for the company. There are some recommendations for Singapore Airlines for the better business operations in the market. Developing new strategies- The Singapore Airline has to maintain its competitive position over the other airlines. Airline has to deal with the fluctuations of international economy. Along with this, company has to deal with various strategies implemented by the competitors. so, airline should study various strategies adopted by the competitors liken Virgin Airlines, Cathay Pacific and British Airlines in order to stay competitive in the market. Further, airline should develop new strategies after analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the competitors. By doing this, organization will be able to get more opportunities for the investments. Implementation of new strategies will be helpful for the organization to provide the quality services to the travelers (Paliwoda, Andrews Chen, 2012). Improving communication system- Singapore Airline should differentiate itself by the use of innovative marketing tactics. Airline can differentiate itself in a better way by enhancing the communication channels used by the airline. Organization should use new communication features to its business class facilities. Along with this, organization should provide facility to the customers to connect their laptops. Latest electronics technology should be included by the airline so that the satisfaction level of the customers can be enhanced. It basically means that Singapore airlines should improve the communication systems with better technology, movies and access of latest music etc (Shah, Jamil, Shah Kazmi, 2015). Market penetration- The organization of Singapore Airlines should focus on the penetration of new markets. This airline has its business processes in various countries so; the company should also focus on the introduction of family packages including all its services. The management of airline should also focus on the corporation with other companies that can provide various facilities like accommodation and food (Kotler Keller, 2012). Niche market- Singapore Airline should focus on the use of airbuses that can be used as the banquet halls. This space will have the capability to hold around 150 to 250 passengers. This will be helpful for airline to target niche market and customers who want to conduct the conferences in the flights. This is an inventive idea that can save time and capital of the travelers (Turnbull Valla, 2013). Conclusion This above discussion presents the analysis of external business environment of Singapore Airlines in terms of understanding the impact of various factors on the business operations of airline. Based on the above analysis, it is observed that Singapore airline is operating in various countries and it has to follow various rules and regulations imposed by the governments of the countries. This study is helpful in acquiring a deep insight into various political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that impact on various functions of the airline. Further, Porters five forces analysis is effective in understanding the level of competition in the market of airline industry. At last, the report provides some strategic recommendations for Singapore Airline in order to grow in various countries. References Dahlstrom, R. (2011). Green marketing management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western / Cengage Learning Delbari, S. A., Ng, S. I., Aziz, Y. A., Ho, J. A. (2016). An investigation of key competitiveness indicators and drivers of full-service airlines using Delphi and AHP techniques: Journal of Air Transport Management. 52. 23-34. Fifield, P., (2012). Marketing strategy. (2nd edition). Berlin: Reed educational publishing Pvt Ltd Kotler, P. Keller, K., (2012). Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Lovelock, C., (2011).Services Marketing. (7th edition). India: Pearson Education Martnez, P., (2012). The Consumer Mind: Brand Perception and the Implications for Marketers. USA: Kogan Page Ltd Paliwoda, S., Andrews, T., Chen, J. (2012). Marketing management in Asia. New York: Routledge. Shah, S. T. H., Jamil, R. A., Shah, T. A., Kazmi, A. (2015). Critical Exploration of Prescriptive and Emergent approaches to Strategic management: A review paper: nInternational Journal of Information, Business and Management. 7(3). 91. Shaw, S. (2011). Airline marketing and management. Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate. Singapore Airline, (2018). Choose the programme thats right for your business. Retrieved on 4th February 2018 https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/in/sq-corporate/ Singapore Airline, (2018). Information For Investors. Retrieved on 4th February 2018 from https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/in/about-us/information-for-investors/ Terpstra, V., Foley, J., Sarathy, R. (2011). International marketing. Naper Publishing Turnbull, P. W., Valla, J. P., (2013).Strategies for international industrial marketing. USA: Croom Helm Winer, R. Dhar, R. (2011). Marketing management. Boston: Prentice Hall.

The Bible Among Myth free essay sample

Before then, Scholars believed that the Old Testament was true and not compared to any other, however, now scholars questioned this belief and have begun to believe that the Old Testament writings are similar to the other religions of its day. [1] Oswalt continues by discussing a most important philosophical difference within the Old Testament and its contemporaries. He states that there is a clear distinction between â€Å"essence† and â€Å"accident. † [2] Oswalt states that an accident can be something as similar as hair, while self-consciousness is an essential. To remove an accident will not cause change but to remove an essential, this thing will cease to be itself. [3] - The author establishes to the reader the conception of myth also imitating the option that scholars continue to differ greatly on this definition; Oswalt insists that this ought to not dissuade the individual from seeking a good definition of the word. In order for him to define this word, he list four basic characteristics of a myth. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bible Among Myth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1. John N. Oswalt, The Bible Among the Myths, Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009, 11-12 2. Ibid, 13. 3. Ibid. The first characteristic; mankind having little or no intrinsic value and the second characteristic was the relative lack of interest in historical studies. The third is the practice of magic and involvement with the occult. The fourth is the refusal to accept responsibility for individual actions. [4] Oswalt concludes his introduction with a substantial claim. He emphasizes that theological claims are inseparable from historical claims. [5] Oswalt states that trustworthiness must be contingent upon both the theological and historical claims. If the historical claims are patently false, then no credence ought to be given to the theological decrees, In the end, I am not advocating a â€Å"the Bible says it, and I believe it, and that settles it† point of view, although those who disagree with me may argue that to be the case. What I am advocating is a willingness to allow the Bible to determine the starting place of the investigation. [6] CHAPTER ONE - The first chapter discusses the Bible in milieu of its surroundings and contribution to society as a whole. Oswalt mentions that there are many contributions to way the Western world views reality. The Bible, however, is the most important contributor. [7] 4. Ibid, 14. 5. Ibid, 16. 6. Ibid, 17. 7. Ibid, 21. Greek Thought: The Greek philosophers of the early centuries brought in this way of thinking that was to have a profound effect on the western world. The belief, in a â€Å"universe† instead of a â€Å"polyverse,† adding, simple cause and effect, as well as non-contradiction were three of their most significant contributions. [8] Hebrew Thought: While the Greek philosophers were struggling to express their point of view, the Hebrews were also articulating their beliefs by way of the prophets. Their beliefs were as follows: There is only one God, God is the sole Creator of all that is, God exist apart from creation, God has made himself known to his people, God has made his will known to his people, and God rewards and punishes people for following or disobeying his will. [9] Combing Greek and Hebrew Thought: - Oswalt states; when the Gospel of Jesus presupposed the Israelite worldview, penetrated into the Greco-Roman world, this set the stage for the combination of the Greek and the Hebrew worldviews in the distinctively Christian way. The Greeks’ rational thought combined with Hebrew people’s belief in monotheism. [10] 8. Ibid, 22. 9. Ibid, 23. 10. Ibid, 25 Oswalt argues that logic was not completely developed until after people realized that God not only was the sole creator of the universe, but was also completely separate from the creation. What is most important is that science and logic cannot stand on their own and if they attempt to then this will lead to self-destruction. Oswalt gives an example; Hiroshima and the Buchenwald concentration camp and humanity’s achievements when it is devoid of God’s influence. [11] CHAPTER TWO In this second chapter, Oswalt discusses his definition of myth. However before Oswalt begins this definition he begins to argue the very question with regard to the myth and why it is questioned at this time. Oswalt mentions that fifty years ago there would not be such a question. However by the 1960’s and as more scholars begin to research the Bible, more questions aroused. [12] - Oswalt wishes to apply the appropriate classification to the Bible. Unequivocally, he describes whether or not the Bible should be considered a myth or not. In order to properly answer the question, Oswalt list several definitions posed by scholars today. As Oswalt listed these definitions, he also explains why he feels that they are inadequate. 11. Ibid, 27. 12. Ibid, 29-30. The category of definitions falls under one group known ashistorical-Philosophical and they are as follows; 1. Etymological based on a false and fictitious deity or event. 2. Sociological-Theological – the truth is seen as relative and something is seen as true if it is seen by others. 3. Literary the events are not seen as right or wrong. Instead, the narrative employs heavy use of symbolism to express its meaning. [13] - These definitions all have one thing in common which is at their core; they all believe in the philosophy of continuity. Oswalt states that continuity is a philosophical principle that asserts that all things are continuous with each other. Oswalt uses an example of a person being â€Å"one with the tree. † Not merely symbolically or spiritually, but actually. The tree is me; I am the tree. [14] 13. Ibid, 33, 36, 38. 14. Ibid, 43. CHAPTER THREE Chapter three discusses Continuity as the center of topic. Carrying over from chapter two the one thing that myths have in common at their core is the presence of continuity. This way of thinking is viewed as all things are viewed as related in some form or fashion. There are three major forces (humanity, nature, and the divine) this is where everything exists within the circle. 15] The effects of continuity are numerous and varied in accordance. One of these effects is looking at signs in nature. The effects are attempted to be explained by weather patterns, floods, fire, plagues and the celestial beings. Other examples are the effects of fertility and potency and the preoccupation of the people thereof. Oswalt uses the example of how sexuality is so central to peopleâ₠¬â„¢s lives today is a reason for this effect of continuity. [16] - Finally, Oswalt deals straightforwardly with what he feels are the common features of myth. Excluding a few exceptions, myths all share the belief that their existence is based on Polytheism. Which is the belief of more than one god or and many gods. The second is these gods in the form of images. The use of symbols and icons are believed strongly in order to interact with nature and the divine. The gods themselves are not view highly in fact view lowly, they are not seen as actual beings. Confliction is what is needed in order for the universe to evolve and myths have a low view of mankind. [17] 15. Ibid, 48. 16. Ibid, 50-56. 17. Ibid, 57-59. CHAPTER FOUR In chapter four Oswalt reverts back to characteristics of the Bible. Here he argues with the topic of transcendence, where God (who has been in existence before the universe) interacts with all things thereof. In this Biblical thought process there is uniqueness with regard to the modern-day belief systems in many ways. However one must bear in mind that the Old Testament is remarkably self-consistent regarding the things it maintains about the nature of reality. [18] Oswalt provides the reader with a broaden list of some common characteristics. Monotheism, of course one of the most obvious characteristics of the Bible that stands out among other religions. With the exception of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam which are all directly correlated from the Bible. Most other religions are polytheistic. The existence of Yahweh being the only God was a defining characteristic for the Old Testament and the Bible as a whole. [19] - Another characteristic of the Old Testament theory is that God was in existence prior to the all creation. All that exist is after God and God created it. Oswalt states that if the world is full of chaos that it is not due to God but the spirits of this world. Oswalt mentions that the Bible is a position to insist that the problem of humanity is not a tragic fatedness to evil, but a spirit that prefers evil to good. [20] 18. Ibid, 63. 19. Ibid, 64-65. 20. Ibid, 66. CHAPTER FIVE In chapter five Oswalt argues that the Bible is totally different from other religious writings and is unique in its self. Oswalt further discusses the issues of ethics, In the Ancient Near East; the non-biblical worldviews held two sets of ethics. One set is related to how people interacted with each other. The other set of ethics is related to how people acted upon the deities. In Bible ethics behavior was defined by God and God alone and not subject to the social changes in society, they obey God. [21] Oswalt discusses some of the similarities between Israelites and non-Israelites. Some of the practices were quite similar. The sacrificial ceremonial, the manner of their offerings, the layout of the tabernacle and temple and also the decoration of the temple all seem similar to those of the Israelite and non-Israelite people. Their practices of expression and thought pattern were similar to where Oswalt indorses his belief that these areas are incidental and not essential to the basic identities of the people. [22] CHAPTER SIX - Chapter six introduces the Bible and History, Oswalt points out the there is a distinction, between myths and the Bible, whereas the myths are based on many gods, the Bible is based on one God. History and the Bible run parallel to each other. Oswalt argues the idea that to state the Bible is not â€Å"historical â€Å"is something of an oxymoron. 23] 21. Ibid, 85-87. 22. Ibid, 91-97. 23. Ibid, 112. Oswalt uses Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language to describe the definition that he feels would best fit history. History functions on different levels. Its connections could be to someone or something or both. Yet the Bible is its own form of history correlated with mankind and their surroundings. [24] CHAPTER SEVEN AND EIGHT Oswalt attempts to address some of the issues that were used against the Bible concerning its historical stance. Oswalt does mentions some gaps, progress and lack of progress, whether the Bible is â€Å"history-like† or â€Å"historical fiction† as well as how it relates to revelation and supernatural events and whether Israel is unique in these areas. [25] Oswalt makes the case in the eight chapter that the Bible is historical and completely accurate. Oswalt states this matter is of the utmost importance. While one would state that there are sections of the Bible that are not historical for example; poetic and wisdom, these too are historical because they describe people, relationships weaknesses and failures. The entire Bible is historical especially when it pertains to the history of the Jesus Christ. - The author states that one could argue German distinction between Historie (defining what happen) and Geschichte (telling what is going on) as being valid. [26] 24. Ibid, 112-115. 25. Ibid, 138-141. 26. Ibid, 157-168. The conclusion of this section determines that history is inseparable from theology in the Bible. Theology is in relation to the historical events. The author uses an exceptional example with regard to the resurrection to support this conclusion. He directs the reader to one of the epistles written by the Apostle Paul to the church of Corinth. The Apostle Paul states that one’s faith cannot exist without a historical belief in the resurrection of Jesus Christ. [27] If Christ was not raised then your faith is futile and you are still in your sins. (1 Cor. 15:17) CHAPTER NINE AND TEN - In chapter nine the author discusses alternative views pertaining to the biblical narrative as it is known today. He began with the arguments of John Van Seters. Professor Van Seters emphasizes that the Bible had to have been altered by Jewish priest after Babylonian exile. [28] Oswalt mentions that the second is Frank Cross who assumes that the Bible used to be an epic poem, however was changed into the Old Testament’s current state at some point. [29] The third is William Dever who believes that Israel’s belief systems were identical to Canaanite beliefs and the Christian scholars have overlooked certain facts throughout history to portray an inaccurate account of ancient Israel. 30] Then, finally, Oswalt discusses Mark Smith and his opinion of Israel’s belief system. Mark Smith argues that Israel’s beliefs are directly originated from the Canaanite’s polytheistic beliefs. [31] 27. Ibid, 170. 28. Ibid, 173. 29. Ibid, 175. 30. Ibid, 177-180. 31. Ibid, 181-184. The author concludes this book in chapter ten where he reiterates his main points taken from previous chapters. He stresses the major theme is that c ontrast between biblical and non-biblical views of reality. The biblical view is deep-seated in transcendence and the non-biblical view is deep-seated in continuity. 31] In the end, we may differ on the biblical worldview and theology, given to them, but what matters in the end is how we answer the following questions: Is there a God? Does he have a will for our lives? Has he made known that will to us in intelligible actions and speech in time and space? If we answer â€Å"no† then the entire enterprise is bootless. However, if our answer is â€Å"yes† the question of what God’s will is and how he has chosen to reveal it becomes one of absolutely ultimate significance. [32] - 31. Ibid, 185. 32. Ibid, 194. REFERENCES 1. Oswalt, John, N. , The Bible Among the Myths Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009, 11-12 2. Ibid, 13. 3. Ibid. 4. Ibid, 14. 5. Ibid, 16. 6. Ibid, 17. 7. Ibid, 21. 8. Ibid, 22. 9. Ibid, 23. 10. Ibid, 25. 11. Ibid, 27. 12. Ibid, 29-30. 13. Ibid, 33, 36, 38. 14. Ibid, 43. 15. Ibid, 48. 16. Ibid, 50-56. 17. Ibid, 57-59. 18. Ibid, 63. 19. Ibid, 64-65. 20. Ibid, 66. 21. Ibid, 85-87. 22. Ibid, 91-97. 23. Ibid, 112. 24. Ibid, 112-115. 25. Ibid, 138-141. 26. Ibid, 157-168. 27. Ibid, 170. 28. Ibid, 172. 29. Ibid, 175. 30. Ibid, 177-180. 31. Ibid, 181-184. 32. Ibid, 185 33. Ibid, 194

Definition of a Chemical Period - Chemistry Glossary

Definition of a Chemical Period - Chemistry Glossary In chemistry, the term period refers to a horizontal row of the periodic table. Elements in the same period all have the same highest unexcited electron energy level or same ground state energy level. In other words, each atom has the same number of electron shells. As you more down the periodic table, there are more elements per element period because the number of electrons allowed per energy sublevel increases. The seven periods of the periodic table contain naturally-occurring elements. All elements in period 7 are radioactive. Period 8 consists solely of yet-to-be-discovered synthetic elements. Period 8 is not found on the typical periodic table, but does show up on extended periodic tables. Significance of Periods on Periodic Table Element groups and periods organize the elements of the periodic table according to periodic law. This structure categorizes elements according to their similar chemical and physical properties. As you move across a period, an atom of each element gains an electron and displays less metallic character than the element before it. So, elements within a period on the left side of the table are highly reactive and metallic, while elements on the right side are highly reactive and nonmetallic until you reach the final group. The halogens are nonmetallic and not reactive. The s-block and p-block elements within the same period tend to have different properties. However, d-block elements within a period are more similar to each other.

Argumentative Research Paper Topics

Argumentative Research Paper Topics Argumentative Research Paper Topics Argumentative Research Paper Topics An example of the research paper introduction on the topic about the Internet: The end of the XX century is marked by the increasingly widespread use of computers and information technology in so many different areas. Computers permit significantly improve the efficiency of work in the various activities and open up new horizons of knowledge to humans. Therefore, the possession of skills of working with the computer is very important for today's effective work, and especially for getting maximum benefit from such skills in the future Note if you have any computer terms such as WWW or others in your paper, you should give their definition in the introduction. The confidence that everybody in your group knows what it is does not give you the permission to avoid explanation of these terms in the introduction of your research paper. Help Writing a Research Paper While writing a research paper about the culture of ancient Greece, you may research such interesting historical topics as culture and art, the world of the Greek myths (life after death, Olympic games, etc.), and Roman conquest. In the result of your college research paper writing, you may write the following conclusion: But not only the art and science of Greeks have influenced the development of European civilization. The Greek understanding of the value of individual rights, the recognition of their rights to personal liberty and the rights of every people to self-determination were the ideas on which all modern European democracy was based.   In such a way, ancient Greece approved and was carrying out through centuries its highest spiritual authority, notably defined the shape of the whole world. Research Paper Help Research paper writing on any topic requires good understanding of the topic and good argumentation to support your thesis statement. Write a research paper on the basis of your thesis statement. Describe the main controversial point of view in your college paper writing. English research paper must not be boring. Before writing your paper, you may ask your colleagues whether it would be interesting for them to know this or that information. The confidence that something would be interesting for them gives you a desire to find an interesting answer to the question. While writing research paper, you should feel yourself as Christopher Columbus. You will be discovering something new and unknown to your friends. All you need to do is to find an interesting research paper topic. is available 24/7 to assist you with research paper writing.   If you have not decided on argumentative research paper topic, you are welcome to request free advice.   We are open for cooperation and sharing of ideas.   Feel free to contact us if you want to learn more about prices, services, bonuses and discounts.

Religious or Spiritual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious or Spiritual - Essay Example Situation with spirituality is quite similar – all the people are in some sense spiritual because it is in human nature to ask oneself about why one exists, for instance. However, spirituality can be external and internal. These are rather different concepts. The roots of external spirituality are in rationalism, while those of internal one are in consciousness. All the people are spiritual internally – again, it is in human nature. At the same time, not everyone can understand and feel it. A common mistake of people is that they seek happiness and communion with God somewhere outside. They try to achieve harmony by means of performing certain actions that they believe are required for achieving inner peace. Such actions may include reading holy books, attending church or praying, among others. However, such actions may not fill the internal emptiness; they are just external manifestations of religion, which cannot replace understanding and fulfilling own spiritual needs.

Small cases Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Small cases - Coursework Example tional care by the supermarket; failure of supermarket to exercise reasonable/rational care, that she was physically injured/harmed due to negligent behaviour of the supermarket; that she suffered physical injury/harm in the form of real damages; in addition to proximate cause, which demonstrates that the injury/harm is within the range of liability (Twomey & Jennings, 2013). Anna definitely has a claim and for the merits of this case to be evaluated adequately then the following facts ought to be known; there should be a dependable witness of sound mind as well as doctor’s report outlining the damages she suffered, that should include the date and time of injury. Yes an agreement written on the napkin can constitute a valid contract if it has all the requirements of a valid contract such as presence of an offer by one party and acceptance by the other, consideration that will be paid for the promise agreed upon, legal capacity of the involved parties, as well as genuine intention to create legal relations. Bob should win the lawsuit since clearly he was not in capacity to make a valid contract because he and Carl had been drinking and were intoxicated while making the contract. There was also no genuine offer coming from Bob for him to sell his racket. Clearly there was no meeting of minds since there was no same understanding of the sale agreement. Bob thought it was a joke and laughed it off whereas Carl took it seriously and even wrote the agreement on a napkin. The court’s decision regarding the adequacy of the consideration is likely to be that there was no adequate consideration since the market value of the racket is far much h igher than the offered value. Thus if Carl were to win the lawsuit, then it means Bob cannot afterward file a suit claiming the shortfall (Twomey & Jennings,

Sixth Sense Essay Example for Free

Sixth Sense Essay The senses are basic: hearing, taste, smell, sight, and touch. These are the given senses that are apart of every living creature on earth. People have always wondered about the existence of the sixth sense. A sixth sense is a power of perception beyond the five senses. Many have theorized that the ability of the sixth sense is a skill that can be gained by appreciating nature, similar to the innate senses of an animal. The idea of the existence of a sixth sense has been misguided. The sixth sense we all believe is there, does not exist, there are only abilities or enhancement that have been misunderstood. Animals for along time have seemed to have a sixth sense but in reality it is their already enhanced senses that we are seeing. Animals have been able to detect or even notice things that cannot possibly be known. These are the main instances where animals’ sixth sense is misconceived. They are from a completely different world than we are. Animals have gained abilities that have helped them survive in nature. These heightened senses are due to the lack of one of their already basic senses. For example a bat with its blindness relies on its ears to detect waves, vibrations in the air in order to see. Animals in turn of needing something to replace the lack of one of their senses gains an ability. Humans have this capability as well. The human body can enhance a sense giving its host an ability that compensates for something lost. Humans are just as diverse as animals. We gain different abilities that are based on different factors like gender, heritage, and even the environment that one has grown up in. These factors are what makes an ability or even an enhancement even possible. One ability that have still yet to understand is instinct, an inborn pattern of behavior that is characteristic of a species and is often a response to specific environment, or can be defined as a powerful motivation or impulse. Every living creature has this ability inside them, it is just the matter of how in touch one is with the instinct that is inside them. Animals for some reason are more in touch with their instincts than we are as humans. Some believe it is for the reason that animals are more in touch with nature. Humans only seem to be really in touch with their instinct when they are in serious danger, when their senses are more focused because they know their life is threatened. Animals have forever been the thought to be the key of understanding what the sixth sense was. The fact that what they were observing was something other than a sixth sense lead their conclusions about the sixth sense to be misguided. There have been multiple events throughout history where animals have been noticed of having odd behaviors. In most cases animals’ behavior was due to a disaster or something strange they sensed. Most people have misunderstood there actions as something odd, different. People began to notice what was causing animals to act like this, when they found out why they wanted to know the how. How could the animals possibly know when there was a disaster? This is what lead people to believe there was a sixth sense. Their observations were not of a sixth sense but an animals heighted senses working in their favor. Throughout history animals have had weird behavior when it came to disasters occurring or even beforehand. The misconception of these animals is that these actions that they are exhibiting are due to a sixth sense. This is not the case, most scientist state that we are seeing the animals’ heighted senses at work. Animals have senses that are superior to ours as humans. Depending on the animals determines which of the senses maybe more enhanced. On February 4, 1975, an earthquake of magnitude 7.3 struck the Haicheng County, Liaoning Province. Before the earthquake hit local people saw hibernating snakes coming out from their holes into the snow. Through the period of the first three days in February the activity intensified even more, unusual behavior in larger animals such as cows, horses, dogs, and pigs was reported. (â€Å"The Use of Animals in Earthquake Prediction† 1) Events along this line is what people may misconstrue as a sixth sense that animals have, what people don’t really think about is the abilities or the heightened senses animals have that acts as a warning. Once we identify what abilities or senses that are enhanced, we can gain better understanding as to why these animals reacted the way they did in response to the earthquake. Snakes for instance, it is not surprising that they were the first to respond to this coming threat. They hear by picking up vibrations through their jawbones. The part of body in direct contact with the ground has an incredible sensitive stereo hearing, which enables a snake to sense and detect the position of prey (â€Å"Facts about snakes† 1). This ability can logically count as an early warning sign to an Earthquake. Snakes are not native to the environment that surrounds them, they notice the slightest change. By them being able to feel the vibrations in the ground they could feel the slightest tremble in the ground. Dogs on the other hand can hear higher pitched sounds that humans cannot hear. They often bark at vacuums because they hear a very loud annoying pitch. Dogs detect sounds in the frequency range of approximately 67 45,000 Hz (varies from different breeds), compared to humans with the approximate range of 64 23,000 Hz. Dogs have 18 or more muscles in their ears allowing them to be mobile, whereas a human has only 6. (â€Å"Understanding a Dogs Senses†1). These extra muscles allow dogs to move their ears specific directions as to better focus their hearing. Dogs with perked ears can usually hear well than dogs with hanging ears, especially if they can move their ears in the direction of the sound. This ability would also explain why the canine would be able to react to an earthquake or any disaster that affects the sounds waves in the air. By a canine directing and focusing it hearing on certain points, they would be able to determine if there is a threat coming. This is only one instance where animals abilities have save them or acted as an early warning sign from a natural disaster. What people have been seeing was the enhanced senses and abilities that animals have working in their favor. Humans on the other hand may gain an enhanced sense mostly in special cases. Scientist were working on determining what factors contribute to a blind person’s sense of hearing being enhanced. They know that it is possible; they did not understand why this was occurring. Some of their theories is that a sixth sense in the body could be acting on a blind persons hearing giving them a new way to see. After much research scientist discovered that it is the brain that is causing the enhancement of the hearing sense. When a human losses a sense a brain has to work harder in order to make up for what your boy has lost. We all know that the brain is a muscle and the more you use a certain area of it the stoner it will become. By a blind person losing their sense of sight their brain works their muscles in their ear more while makes the hearing capability stronger. This view of a sixth sense was proven wrong by that of science. The scientists determined that there was not a sixth sense that was working but, an enhancement due to that lose of another sense. A factor that people over look is that everyone already has a sixth sense. The only action that every living creature has is instinct. Instinct is the something that scientist have not been fully able to explain. A person’s, even an animal’s instincts are unpredictable because it depends on how in touch they are with this instinct that lives inside of them. My research has lead me to the conclusion that the closest we as living creatures have to a sixth sense is instinct. Instinct is an inward stimulator that affects our five basic senses. As we know a sixth sense is a power of perception beyond the five senses. By following this definition and the proof of the continued misconceptions of the sixth sense, the logical ideal sixth sense would be instinct. Instinct in some instances can be controlled by sheer will power or even through constant training. Instinct mainly relies on your brains reactions in order to be activated. Think of your brain as a trigger. Scientist have discovered that instinct is more often triggered when one is believe to be in danger (whenever life is threatened). The reason they believe animals are more in touch with their instincts is because since they live in nature their lives are constantly threatened. This in turn always keep them on edge. There sense are being constantly worked like a muscle, which allows them to get stronger. Humans on the other hand live a more comfortable life style. We have learned to make the environment around us work in our favor. We live a relaxed life, our lives are not constantly threatened, there are the instances where we get to a situation where our life maybe on the line which than beings out our instincts. To better understand the difference between the average human life style, compare it to a person who has been on the battle field for years. Their instincts have been working constantly. We notice the difference the people had n these environments when they return average society and try to return to their normal life style. They can’t turn it off because there body now feels, just like an animals, like there is always a threat that is about to pounce. There are more ridiculous ideas as to what the sixth sense could possible turn out to be with further study. Most people believe that we will be able to gain super human power like telekinesis. The power to move object without applying physical force. Being able to communicate without the use of talking but through thoughts. Scientist have not found any logical proof that this exist yet, they are continuing to do their research. This is only one of the possibilities that has been widely viewed as a possible sixth sense throughout the 20th and mostly the 21st. The misconception of the sixth sense are mostly simple. Most of the views on the sixth sense have been only enhancements and/or abilities. The fact that animals are so much different than us make it difficult to compare them to us. We live in completely different world so the sense that we have are different, the abilities we obtain are different, and the instinct we develop is different. Look deeper and you will find a true answer, there is always something under the first sheet that is laid down.

Beowulf :: Epic of Beowulf Essays

Beowulf   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The translated Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf is the one of the most important works of Old English literature, and is well deserved of the distinction. The epic tells the story of a hero; a Scandinavian prince named Beowulf, who rids the Danes of the monster Grendel, a descendant of Cain, and of his exploits fighting Grendel’s mother and a dragon. Throughout the epic, the Anglo-Saxon author uses many elements to build a certain depth to the characters. Three main important character elements in Beowulf are wealth and honor, Biblical, and man (good) versus wild (evil) themes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of the characters in Beowulf are, like in most epics, defined by their status. But, in addition to status, the Anglo-Saxon culture also adds an element of honor. To the Anglo-Saxons, a character’s importance as well as their wealth and status was measured not only in monetary terms, but it was also measured in terms of honor, fame, and accomplishments. Hrothgar, King of the Danes, is one example of Anglo-Saxon measurement of importance in Beowulf. In the Prologue, the poet describes his wealth and importance, not only as mounds of gold or jewels, but more importantly his ease of having â€Å"Friends and kinsmen flocked to his ranks, young followers, a force that grew to be a mighty army† (lines 65-67) and his ability to create a â€Å"great mead-hall meant to be a wonder of the world forever.† (lines 69-70) Through this display of proving his ‘position of King,’ Hrothgar proves the full extent of his honor and therefore the e xtent of his wealth and status. Beowulf, the hero-prince, also proves his true wealth and status through his great deeds as defender of the Danes. As he fights and defeats Grendel, Beowulf earns fame and wealth from his companions, as well as from the Danes. More importantly, he earns honor raising him to the level of an archetypical hero. Grendel, however, is the complete opposite of Beowulf. He has no wealth, no honor, and he is infamous as an evil killer. This lack of wealth and honor defines Grendel as a symbol of evil and corruption. In addition to using honor and wealth to define a character, the poet has incorporated Biblical motifs in the epic-poem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As time progressed, the rewriting and touching up of the manuscripts by various sources caused the characters to have Christian characteristics. These Christian themes have become very important to the epic to add an element of depth that wouldn’t be possible in modern times due to the loss of Anglo-Saxon culture and beliefs.

Medical Claims Examiner or Claims Officer Training and Development Needs

Prepared By: Solomon Sawerh PetteyOrganisation: Osu Klottey NHIS Location: Osu, Accra – Ghana Medical Claims Examiner orClaims Officer| training & development| | | | INTRODUCTION Significant achievements have been made at arresting potential claim related challenges which threatened NHIS sustainability, but the claims still continue coming in fast with increased work load. The uses of technology and claim officers to effectively manage claims also continue to advance with meaningful results.This document therefore aims to use a scientific management approach to determine the training and development needs of claims officers, which can further enhance the effective and efficient management of claims. Case in Point Claims officers need to have certain knowledge, skills and abilities to examine medical claims effectively. The question is: what is the current capacity gap of knowledge, skills and abilities? The work of medical claim examination and approval are critical and comple x and this lends support to the question above.The research aims to determine the training and development needs of claims officers by examining levels of education, professional background and prior knowledge of claims vetting and ways to determine the impact of training. Focus will be on the claim officers’ perspective of needs, best approach to close capacity gaps, and better enhancement of NHIA activities towards the improving upon the performance of claim officers.About 70% of NHIS claims have been projected to be processed electronically, but leveraging technology in terms of claims management will not adequately address the capacity deficit, unless the manpower is well equipped to contribute meaningfully towards the rrealization of the company’s strategic goals. Approach Benchmarks Challenge of expenditure Traditional methods versus JUST-IN-TIME training and development for practical knowledge Continuum of learning/E-learning Tailored Programs / Health Insurance Training Institutions / International AssociationsSAMPLE CONTENT: TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY PROGRAM (P) Basic outline of programs which can be designed to prepare participants to meet the challenges of health care revenue cycle management including insurance reimbursement and accounts receivable management, with strong emphasis on clinical knowledge needed to analyze the content of medical records for optimal reimbursement P 1, Medical Aspects of Claims – describes the anatomy and physiology of the human body, as well as disorders and treatment of the various body systems.P 2, Basic Pharmacology – introduction to the basic study of drugs, therapeutic uses, dosage and actions. P 3, Health Insurance Law – provide an understanding of the insurance policy as a legal contract – aspects of statutory law, case law, and common law as they pertain to claim administration. P 4, Claim Administration – administration of claims under health insurance c ontracts (both individual and group), including investigation and cost control techniques.P 5, Management of Claim Operations – application of management theory to the operations of claim departments, including the management functions of planning, controlling, organizing and leading. P 6, Foundations of Insurance Marketing and Customer Service – marketing principles and functions, customer service concepts and strategies as integral aspects of health insurance Foundations of Excellence| Details/courses| | Anatomy and Physiology and Introduction to Human Disease | | Presentation Techniques, Advanced Composition, Diversity in Society| |Foundations of Health Professions| | | Applied Information Technology| | Medical Terminology and Introduction to Health Careers| | Major| | | Accounting Foundations | | Administrative Procedures or Medical Office Applications| | Health Record Content| | Health Care Management Foundations| | Procedural and Diagnostic Coding| | Introduction to Health Care Reimbursement Systems and Reimbursement Applications | | Claims Management Practicum| | Health Care Law and Ethics|

SME Challenges to Access to Finance

1. SMEs usually have limited financial resources compared to a large company. Often it is hard to finance the standard model for software process improvement (SPI) activities. They try to avoid excessive overhead for the full custom standard process implementation. 2. The proven best practices for the large companies might be too expensive or time consuming to perform in SMEs because of their limited resources and business model. 3. The majority of small companies are independently financed. That causes a tight financial situation for many small businesses. So they can’t always afford to buy required expertise that possesses the skills required in a particular position. 4. A first step toward process improvement is identifying the strengths and weaknesses of organization software processes. For this, an assessment to examine the processes against a reference model which helps to determine the processes capability to meet the required quality, cost, and schedule goals is required, but small companies have difficulty running those. 5. The small size of a company not only causes for the challenges of networking, marketing and business issues for small software companies. It also creates problems for gaining and leveraging technological know-how. 6. Large companies can improve the work efficiency using all needed toolkits. Small company also need these tools in every step of software process but high licensing costs often put their project cost over expectable levels. 7. SMEs suffer from the lack of literature and publications describing efforts on an improvement initiative. But adoption of internationally accepted software process practices is essential for the success of all software companies to compete in the global software development market. 8. Many SMEs have multiple business operations like service, product, and consultancy. A given employee may have to change the projects more frequently. This leads to additional challenges to improve the required level of competence for different projects with different technologies. 9. A given employee of SMEs may simultaneously play multiple roles. For that, he may ignore tasks or consider many tasks as low priority. Thus many important tasks may be left undone. In some cases, these tasks may be contradictory or mutually exclusive (e. g. A person is responsible for product cost reduction and improvement of customer service simultaneously). 10. In SMEs the average project duration is shorter than in large companies. Manager faces challenges to reallocate employees more frequently to different projects.

12 Writers Discuss the Writing Process

12 Writers Discuss the Writing Process For almost a decade, the Writers on Writing column in The New York Times provided professional writers with an opportunity to talk about their craft. Two collections of these columns have been published: Writers on Writing: Collected Essays from The New York Times (Times Books, 2001)Writers on Writing, Volume II: More Collected Essays from The New York Times (Times Books, 2004). Although most of the contributors have been novelists, the insights they offer into the process of writing should be of interest to all writers. Here are excerpts from 12 of the authors who have contributed pieces to Writers on Writing. Geraldine BrooksWrite what you know. Every guide for the aspiring author advises this. Because I live in a long-settled rural place, I know certain things. I know the feel of a newborn lambs damp, tight-curled fleece and the sharp sound a well-bucket chain makes as it scrapes on stone. But more than these material things, I know the feelings that flourish in small communities. And I know other kinds of emotional truths that I believe apply across the centuries. (July 2001) Richard Ford  Beware of writers who tell you how hard they work. (Beware of anybody who tries to tell you that.) Writing is indeed often dark and lonely, but no one really has to do it. Yes, writing can be complicated, exhausting, isolating, abstracting, boring, dulling, briefly exhilarating; it can be made to be grueling and demoralizing. And occasionally it can produce rewards. But its never as hard as, say, piloting an L-1011 into OHare on a snowy night in January, or doing brain surgery when you have to stand up for 10 hours straight, and once you start you cant just stop. If youre a writer, you can stop anywhere, any time, and no one will care or ever know. Plus, the results might be better if you do. (November 1999) Allegra Goodman  Carpe diem. Know your literary tradition, savor it, steal from it, but when you sit down to write, forget about worshiping greatness and fetishizing masterpieces. If your inner critic continues to plague you with invidious comparisons, scream, Ancestor worship! and leave the building. (March 2001) Mary GordonIts a bad business, this writing. No marks on paper can ever measure up to the words music in the mind, to the purity of the image before its ambush by language. Most of us awake paraphrasing words from the Book of Common Prayer, horrified by what we have done, what we have left undone, convinced that there is no health in us. We accomplish what we do, creating a series of stratagems to explode the horror. Mine involve notebooks and pens. I write by hand. (July 1999) Kent HarufAfter finishing the first draft, I work for as long as it takes (for two or three weeks, most often) to rework that first draft on a computer. Usually that involves expansion: filling in and adding to, but trying not to lose the spontaneous, direct sound. I use that first draft as a touchstone to make sure everything else in that section has the same sound, the same tone and impression of spontaneity. (November 2000) Alice HoffmanI wrote to find beauty and purpose, to know that love is possible and lasting and real, to see day lilies and swimming pools, loyalty and devotion, even though my eyes were closed and all that surrounded me was a darkened room. I wrote because that was who I was at the core, and if I was too damaged to walk around the block, I was lucky all the same. Once I got to my desk, once I started writing, I still believed anything was possible. (August 2000) Elmore LeonardNever use an adverb to modify the verb said ... he admonished gravely. To use an adverb this way (or almost any way) is a mortal sin. The writer is now exposing himself in earnest, using a word that distracts and can interrupt the rhythm of the exchange. (July 2001) Walter Mosley  If you want to be a writer, you have to write every day. The consistency, the monotony, the certainty, all vagaries and passions are covered by this daily reoccurrence. You dont go to a well once but daily. You dont skip a childs breakfast or forget to wake up in the morning. Sleep comes to you each day, and so does the muse. (July 2000) William Saroyan  How do you write? You write, man, you write, thats how, and you do it the way the old English walnut tree puts forth leaf and fruit every year by the thousands. ... If you practice an art faithfully, it will make you wise, and most writers can use a little wising up. (1981) Paul West  Of course the writer cannot always burn with a hard gemlike flame or a white heat, but it should be possible to be a chubby hot-water bottle, rendering maximum attentiveness in the most enterprising sentences. (October 1999) Donald E. WestlakeIn the most basic way, writers are defined not by the stories they tell, or their politics, or their gender, or their race, but by the words they use. Writing begins with language, and it is in that initial choosing, as one sifts through the wayward lushness of our wonderful mongrel English, that choice of vocabulary and grammar and tone, the selection on the palette, that determines whos sitting at that desk. Language creates the writers attitude toward the particular story hes decided to tell. (January 2001) Elie WieselAcutely aware of the poverty of my means, language became an obstacle. At every page, I thought, Thats not it. So I began again with other verbs and other images. No, that wasnt it either. But what exactly was that it I was searching for? It must have been all that eludes us, hidden behind a veil so as not to be stolen, usurped and trivialized. Words seemed weak and pale. (June 2000)

A Study Of The Hindrances And Sacrifices Made In William Shakespeare Play, Hamlet

A Study Of The Hindrances And Sacrifices Made In William Shakespeare Play, Hamlet And They Lived Unhappily Ever After In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, there are many sacrifices and obstacles that Hamlet must endure in order to fulfill his deceased father’s desire for revenge. One of the sacrifices involves ending his relationship with Ophelia. Many would argue that Hamlet never loved Ophelia anyway and claim that he is just using her for intimacy. However, it is clear that Hamlet and Ophelia do love each other and giving up their relationship is not an easy task. Because of the difficulty of ending their relationship, Hamlet is not honest about the challenges he is facing in order to bring justice to his father. Therefore, Ophelia can only believe that Hamlet never really did love her and this leads her to high levels of distress. Furthermore, Ophelia cannot escape the controlling behavior of her brother and father who both disapprove of her relationship with Hamlet. In the end, the obstacles become too much and tragedy overtakes their happy ending. Despite their love, Hamlet and Ophelia face many obstacles that they cannot overcome. Some argue that Hamlet never really loved Ophelia so it is not difficult for him to let her go; however, there is much evidence to prove that Hamlet’s feelings for Ophelia are true and loving. Perhaps the most compelling piece of evidence that Hamlet loves Ophelia is the letter he writes her that she is forced to share with the king and queen. In the letter Hamlet reminds Ophelia, that he loves her, â€Å"best, oh, most best/, believe it† (Shakespeare 2.2.120-121). This letter was meant to be private so Hamlet has no reason to lie in it. Therefore, his words are true as is his love for Ophelia. Hamlet admits his love again during the nunnery scene. As Hamlet tries to convince Ophelia that he does not love her, he breaks down for a brief moment and admits, â€Å"I did love you once† (Shakespeare 3.1.115-116). Some may see this as Hamlet trying to tell Ophelia that maybe he did love her, but he doesn’t anymore. However, it is more likely Hamlet is trying to spare her feelings when he sees how hurt she is as he dismisses her. If Hamlet does not love Ophelia, he would have no obligation to spare her feelings; he would not need to feel guilty for betraying her. Finally, Hamlet’s last expression of love comes after Ophelia’s death during the grave digger scene when he says, â€Å"I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers/could not with all their quantity of love/make up my sum† (Shakespeare 5.1.249-251). This is the most definite declaration of Hamlet’s love for Ophelia. Hamlet’s admittance of his overwhelming love for Ophelia shows that the reason Hamlet was not able to always express his love for her is because his attention had to be on his father’s revenge and when Ophelia dies, Hamlet realizes how big of sacrifice that is to make. Hamlet now realizes that even if he achieves his father’s revenge, he can never be with Ophelia. Love is a powerful motivator, but it is not always romantic. Hamlet does love Ophelia, but his love and devotion to his father is a little bit stronger. Hamlet realizes that he cannot commit to a relationship with Ophelia and commit to revenge for father’s death. As Thomas Holcroft’s suggests in Carol J. Carlisle’s essay, â€Å"Hamlet’s â€Å"Cruelty† in the Nunnery Scene: The Actors’ Views, â€Å"Hamlet, whose mind is absorbed with a master passion (grief for his father and desire to avenge his death), feels that he must give up Ophelia in order to fulfill his vow to his father’s spirt† (132). Because Hamlet’s dedication to his father’s wishes is so strong, he cannot commit himself to both a relationship with Ophelia and achieving justice for his father. Hamlet’s mind is so absorbed with revenge and he knows he cannot explain it to Ophelia. Therefore, the only solution is to dismiss Ophelia thus ending the relationship all together. As is stated in Arthur Hudson’s essay â€Å"Romantic Apologiae for Hamlets Treatment of Ophelia† originally expressed by William Hazlitt, â€Å"it would have taken [Hamlet] years to come to a direct explanation on the point. In the harassed state of his mind, he could not have done otherwise than he did.† Hamlet wants to spare Ophelia the drama and pain of his plans for revenge so despite how cruel he seems, he is coming from a loving place. After all, Hamlet knew he could not change his mind about the revenge plot because he made a clear promise to his father that justice would prevail. When the Ghost exits, Hamlet vows that his father’s, â€Å"commandment all alone shall live/within the book and volume of my brain,/unmixed with baser matter† (Shakespeare 1.5.102-104). Hamlet knows there is no turning back so his promise to his father became the biggest obstacle for Hamlet and Ophelia’s relationship. However, it is not the only one. During the late 16th century, women were not seen as independent individuals with their own opinions; instead, they were controlled by the men in their life and expected to comply with their demands. Ophelia’s situation was no different than any other woman and she was molded to be obedient to her father and brother’s requests. â€Å"Motherless and completely circumscribed by the men around her, Ophelia has been shaped to conform to external demands, to reflect others’ desires† (Dane 1). First, Ophelia’s brother Laertes tries to make her see how insignificant her relationship with Hamlet is. He tells her the relationship is â€Å"forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting/, the perfume and suppliance of a minute-/no more† (Shakespeare 1.3.6-8). Laertes may recognize Ophelia’s feelings and even admits they are real, but he wants to convince her that the relationship will not last. He tells her it is all flirtation and temporary affectio n. Ophelia may want him to see the relationship her way, but Laertes is a man and has both influence and some power over her actions. Similarly, Ophelia’s father wants her to have no contact with Hamlet and stop her feelings all together. Polonius commands her, â€Å"This is for all:/I would not, in plain terms, from this time forth/have you so slander any moment leisure/as to give words or talk with the Lord Hamlet† (Shakespeare 1.4.130-133). Polonius does not even ask this of Ophelia, he simply demands it. Polonius has authority over Ophelia not only because she is a woman, but also because she is his child. Therefore, Ophelia has no choice but to obey him as he will continue to keep watch over her. Some may think that Polonius only does this to protect Ophelia but as David Leverenz notes â€Å"Polonius cares more for his position at court than for his daughter’s well-being, and he uses his paternal authority to better his status as king’s advisor† (Qtd in Green 301). Polonius believes that if Hamlet and Ophelia have a relationship, it may threaten his standing with the king, es pecially if she gets pregnant. Therefore, he ignores her happiness and uses his influence over her to protect his reputation. With the amount of influence her brother and father have over her, Ophelia’s obedience to the men in her life is yet another obstacle for Hamlet and Ophelia. No matter how much Hamlet and Ophelia want to be together, they just cannot overcome the obstacles that keep them separated. Between Hamlet’s betrayal and the murder of her father, Ophelia’s life ends up in disarray and she turns to suicide as an escape. Every man in her life betrays her and she goes mad. After her father’s death, Ophelia tries to moves forward â€Å"but carefully programmed into her psyche by Polonius is the fear of autonomy and sexuality so that Ophelia is unable to navigate her own way once the â€Å"protective† custody of her father is unavailable to her† (Smith 97). Even though her father was not concerned about her happiness, Ophelia is reliant on his demands and custody and without him there to guide her, Ophelia is lost and scared. She has no way of thinking for herself and the pain becomes so overwhelming that she chooses death over the hurtfulness of life. Along with the pain of her father’s death Ophelia has a completely broken view of love and trust. â€Å"Under the pressure of irresponsible paternal demands and because of the larger political issues unbeknownst to her, Ophelia’s faith in love and sincerity is crushed† (Smith 97). Ophelia has been shielded from reality behind the cruelty of the men in her life. Some may think they would be good thing as she was only being protected from pain and suffering. But when she loses guidance from her father and faith in Hamlet, it leaves her totally lost and betrayed until she finds herself too far gone to live anymore. No matter how much the men in her life care for her, they make a fatal mistake in hiding reality from her because she is so sheltered that when all the hurt and betrayal become known to her, it is too much for her to handle. Ophelia’s ignorance to reality is the final obstacle challenging Hamlet and Ophelia’s relationship. No matter how much the men in her life want to protect her, they could not prepare her for what happens when everything falls apart. â€Å"Ophelia’s suicide is a sad but credible response by her own impaired psyche. It invites us to re-examine the worsening psychological hell brought on by the abuse and neglect she suffered at the hands of those she loved most† (Smith 110). While it seems as though the treatment by her male influences is out of protection, Barbara Smith explains that it is really abusive and neglectful because she is not respected enough to be trusted with reality and when she did discover it, she was not equipped to cope with it. Ophelia’s madness is simply explained by the sudden lack of male influence in her life. Despite the modern view that women are strong individuals that do not need male influence, Ophelia lives in a time where she doesn’t know any different than relying on the men in her life for guidance, hearing their voices at all times for how to behave. â€Å"Then suddenly-with her brother in France, and her lover banished to England for the murder of her father—the voices stop. Confronted with such thunderous silence, Ophelia becomes mad† (Dane 3). Some may believe that this madness is the worst thing that could happen to her. Ophelia is no longer the beautiful, obedient woman everyone knows. However, Dane suggests that â€Å"madness releases Ophelia from the enforced repressions of obedience, chastity, patience, liberates her from the prescribed roles of daughter, sister, lover, subject† (4).Without influences pouring in from every direction, Ophelia is left to be her authentic, raw self. However, because she does not know how to handle her real self, she feels overwhelmed and ultimately commits suicide to escape all of the change in her life. Hamlet and Ophelia did truly love each other but could not overcome the obstacles that threaten their happiness. Hamlet’s devotion to his father outweighs his love for Ophelia and influences his decision to choose revenge over happiness with Ophelia. This was unbeknownst to Ophelia and she believes Hamlet was simply betraying her and dismissing the love they once shared. Also, Ophelia was forced to be obedient to her brother and father which meant not making further contact with Hamlet. This, along with the betrayal from Hamlet, caused Ophelia distress and pain. She was trapped and confused and ultimately chose death over living with the hurt and sadness. Despite their love for one another, Hamlet and Ophelia could not overcome the obstacles that challenged their relationship. Therefore, their love could never prevail and instead ends in tragedy and regret. Though many would argue that Hamlet and Ophelia never shared true love, it is clear that they shared a deep love that was just not strong enough to overcome the obstacles that stood in their way. No matter how much they wanted it, Hamlet and Ophelia’s love could not prevail through the darkness of lies and betrayal.

Tort assignment , Discuss the issues of tortious liability in this

Tort , Discuss the issues of tortious liability in this scenario - Assignment Example These unfairness outcomes in a wrong or detriment, form the foundation of a wrong toed alliance. A tortuous liability is related to the duty of care and negligence of that duty, with respect to persons with whom there is no contractual liability. For example if a property owner fails to maintain proper safety standards on his property and a passerby is injured by something falling from the roof, the property owner is liable for the damages to that person even though there are no contractual obligations between them. A person who commits a tort is known as a tortfeaser, or wrong doer. Where there are more than one, they are called joint tortfeasers. Their wrong doing is called a tortuous act and they are liable to be sued jointly and severally. The person who suffers the injury or damage is called the injured or aggrieved. The tort law’s primary objective is to offer assistance for damages incurred. Its aim is compensation of victims or their defendants. Capacity, loss of earni ngs and pain are the damage types. Objectives of Law of Torts To determine rights between parties to a dispute. To prevent the continuation or repetition of harm To protect certain rights recognized by law To restore property to its rightful owner where property is wrongfully taken away. Torts are categorized into three major classes: 1. Intentional torts. An example is intentionally beating up someone 2. Negligent torts. An example would be disobeying traffic laws and causing an accident 3. Strict Liability torts. An example would be defective product’s selling and making. The law of tort is used as an instrument for making people adhere to standards of reasonable behavior and respect the rights and interests of one another. A protected interest gives right to a legal right, which in turn gives rise to a corresponding legal duty. An act, which infringes a legal right, is a wrongful act but not every wrongful act is a tort. To constitute a tort or civil injury the following m ust have taken place:- There must be a wrongful act or omission The wrongful act or omission must give rise to legal damage or actual damage The wrongful act must be of such a nature as to give rise to a legal remedy in the form of an action for damages. The discussion is on two scenarios, PC Nosey Parker and Romulus PLC. It will centre around tortuous liability specifically negligence tort. Negligence is the failure to use ordinary care through either action or omission. It occurs when somebody does not exercise the amount of care that a reasonably careful person would use under the circumstances. It also occurs when somebody does something that a reasonably careful person would not do under the circumstances. PC – Nosey Parker Tort Liability Case Background: PC Nosey Parker inherited ? 2.9m from his Arsenal supporting grandmother. He is a worker for Essex based in Billericasy. On April 1 he witnessed A & B robbing an old lady. The following happened. He manages to arrest A and handcuffs him to a weak pole attached to the door of the shop. He goes after B and returns to take A to the Police Station, in the process he carelessly pulls off the weak pole which falls and injures the foot of a passerby Alf a premier Division football player. As a result of the injury Alf is able to play for his club for 2 months. Alf’s club can only sell him for ?1m instead of ?2m before his injury Alf’s club loses ?20,000 in ticket sales during the 2 months absence of Alf. Thelma, Alf’